Perceptions of environmental health surveillance workers of the independent monitoring of water fluoridation in Espírito Santo, Brazil

Abstract

This study examines the perception of environmental health surveillance workers regarding the independent monitoring of water fluoridation in Espírito Santo, Brazil. Using a qualitative approach, ten environmental health surveillance workers from nine municipalities of varying population sizes in Espírito Santo were individually interviewed based on a semi-structured script. The interviews were recorded and fully transcribed. Thematic Content Analysis was performed following Bardin. In total, eight respondents reported that independent monitoring of water fluoridation was not being carried out. Training and state support were identified as facilitators of water quality surveillance, whereas the lack of supplies and transportation, work overload, staff turnover, and lack of training on fluoridation and independent monitoring were cited as barriers. Positive perceptions predominated toward water surveillance activities due to their social relevance. Negative perceptions were mainly related to work overload and lack of training, the latter being the most frequent suggestion for improvement. It is concluded that the effectiveness of water fluoridation surveillance depends on the provision of adequate and safe working conditions for monitoring fluoride levels, ensured by health managers, including the implementation of continuing education programs.

Keywords: environmental surveillance, independent monitoring, water fluoridation.