Land-use change effect on the hydro-dynamic characteristics of soil in the Brazilian semi-arid region

  • Willames Albuquerque Soares Departamento de Física de Materiais. Escola Politécnica de Pernambuco. Universidade de Pernambuco (UPE), Rua Benfica, n° 455, CEP: 50720-001, Recife, PE, Brazil
  • Simone Rosa da Silva Departamento de Engenharia Civil. Escola Politécnica de Pernambuco. Universidade de Pernambuco (UPE), Rua Benfica, n° 455, CEP: 50720-001, Recife, PE, Brazil.
  • José Romualdo de Sousa Lima Unidade Acadêmica de Garanhuns. Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Avenida Bom Pastor, s/n, CEP: 55292-278, Garanhuns, PE, Brazil.
Keywords: forage palm, infiltration, weibull distribution

Abstract

 

The search for better living conditions has led the residents of the Brazilian semi-arid region to plant forage crops, leading to a gradual decrease in the native vegetation (Caatinga) of this region. The effects caused by the replacement of Caatinga with palm, for example, have been little studied, especially with regard to the physical and hydraulic properties of the soil. The objective of this study was to compare the physical-hydraulic characteristics of a litholic neosol in two areas having different vegetation cover: one area cultivated with forage palm (O. ficus-indica) and the other covered by native Caatinga. Differences in soil structure, especially in porosity, between the natural and cultivated soils were observed to control the hydrodynamic processes, resulting in changes in water retention curves and hydraulic conductivity. Natural soil presents low values of hydraulic conductivity when compared to those of cultivated soil. This increase is probably due to soil management required for forage palm cultivation. The natural soil structure, characterized by relatively low saturated hydraulic conductivity values, presents an infiltrability that favors surface runoff. Human activities in the study area have promoted changes in the soil’s physical attributes, decreasing density and increasing porosity. Consequently, there is an increase in water infiltration into the soil and a reduction of runoff in cultivated areas, confirming results obtained in previous studies.


Author Biographies

Willames Albuquerque Soares, Departamento de Física de Materiais. Escola Politécnica de Pernambuco. Universidade de Pernambuco (UPE), Rua Benfica, n° 455, CEP: 50720-001, Recife, PE, Brazil
     
Simone Rosa da Silva, Departamento de Engenharia Civil. Escola Politécnica de Pernambuco. Universidade de Pernambuco (UPE), Rua Benfica, n° 455, CEP: 50720-001, Recife, PE, Brazil.
    
José Romualdo de Sousa Lima, Unidade Acadêmica de Garanhuns. Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Avenida Bom Pastor, s/n, CEP: 55292-278, Garanhuns, PE, Brazil.
   
Published
26/03/2020
Section
Papers